ГДЗ по английскому языку 11 Класс класс упражнение - 113 р. 1

Languages of the British Isles 

 

1. Look at the language family tree. How many languages are spoken in the British Isles? Which is the oldest? Read the texts to find out.

 

Welsh (Cymraeg) /kºmraig/ 

A language similar to Welsh, called Brythonic, was the historic native tongue of most of Britain during the Roman occupation and before the Anglo-Saxon invasion. Nowadays, modern Welsh is spoken by roughly 20% of the population in Wales, where it is the official language together with English. It is compulsory for students to study Welsh at school from the age of 5 to16. 

Interesting fact: There is a Welsh colony in Argentina where they still speak Welsh. 

Say it! Be’ dy’ch enw chi? (pronounced ‘bay di’ch enoo ch’ee?’) = What is your name?  

 

Irish Gaelic (Gaeilge) /`gΩlæk/

English only became the language of the majority in Ireland in the 19th century! Today, there are still a few areas in western Ireland where most people use Irish as their first language, while around a third of the population of Ireland overall can speak the language. 

Interesting fact: Irish became an official language of the European Union in 2007.

Say it! Is orm é an t-onóir (pronounced ‘iss urr-um aay on tonn ore’) = Nice to meet you.  

 

Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) /`k¡lækj/

Scottish Gaelic was introduced from Ireland about the 6th century AD, so it is closely related to Irish. Speakers of both languages are able to understand one another quite well. Scottish Gaelic is spoken primarily in the Highlands of Scotland and in the Western Isles, where in some areas over 50% of the population speak it. Unfortunately, however, the use of the language is continually declining.

Interesting fact: ‘Slogan’ is a Scottish Gaelic word. 

Say it! S mise… (pronounced ‘smih-shuh’) = My name is..

 

Manx Gaelic (Gaelg) /gælg/

Manx is the native language of the Isle of Man, an island of 84,500 people in the Irish Sea. Until the 18th century, the Isle of Man was totally Manx-speaking. Today, there are no native speakers of Manx left but about 2% of the population speak it as a second language. Interesting fact: At five of the island’s pre-schools and one primary school, the children are only taught in Manx. 

Say it! Kys ta shiu? (pronounced ‘Kus ta shoo?’) = How are you? 

 

Cornish (Kernewek) /ker`newek/

Cornish is the native language of Cornwall, a region in south-west Britain. Cornish died out as a spoken language sometime around the 18th century, but it has recently been revived. Today, around 560 people speak Cornish fluently. The language is taught in some schools and BBC Radio Cornwall has a regular Cornish news broadcast.

Interesting fact: Cornish is a direct descendant of Brythonic, the original native language of Britain. 

Say it! Py eur yw hi? (pronounced ‘pee urr you hee’) = What time is it? 

 

English

Two thousand years ago, everyone in the British Isles spoke Celtic languages! English only began to develop in the 5th century AD when Anglo-Saxon tribes invaded Britain from Northern Europe